Determinantes de la intención emprendedora de los habitantes de la ciudad de Puyo - Ecuador
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47187/mktdescubre.27.76Palabras clave:
intención emprendedora determinantes autoeficacia, actitud, norma subjetivaResumen
El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar los factores determinantes de la intención emprendedora de los habitantes de la ciudad de Puyo-Ecuador. Se empleó un enfoque cuantitativo, no experimental y transversal, mediante la aplicación de encuestas a una muestra de 374 personas pertenecientes a la Población Económicamente Activa. Para el análisis de los datos se utilizaron modelos econométricos como el Probit y el Logit, con el propósito de evaluar la relación entre la intención emprendedora y variables como la autoeficacia, la actitud, la norma subjetiva y factores sociodemográficos. Los resultados evidenciaron una alta intención de emprender, principalmente en personas jóvenes con niveles educativos medios y superiores. La autoeficacia y la actitud hacia el emprendimiento fueron los factores más significativos, debido a que incrementan la confianza y la valoración positiva hacia la creación de negocios. En contraste, variables como la norma subjetiva, la edad, el nivel educativo y el número de hijos no presentaron significancia estadística. Se concluye que las políticas de fomento al emprendimiento en puyo deben enfocarse principalmente en fortalecer las capacidades personales, la confianza y las competencias emprendedoras, más que en factores contextuales o sociodemográficos.
Citas
1. Ajzen, I. (1991a). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational behavior and human decision processes, 50(2), 179-211. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/074959789190020T
2. Asimakopoulos, G., Hernández, V., & Peña Miguel, J. (2019). Entrepreneurial Intention of Engineering Students: The Role of Social Norms and Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy. Sustainability, 11(16), Article 16. https://doi.org/10.3390/su1114314
3. Bandura, A. (1986). Fearful expectations and avoidant actions as coeffects of perceived self inefficacy. https://psycnet.apa.org/fulltext/1987-09389-001.html
4. Bandura, A., & Adams, N. E. (1977). Analysis of self-efficacy theory of behavioral change. Cognitive Therapy and of Rural Entrepreneurship. Sustainability, 13(16), Article 16. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13169247
5. Boyd, N. G., & Vozikis, G. S. (1994). The Influence of Self-Efficacy on the Development of Entrepreneurial Intentions and Actions. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 18(4), 63-77. https://doi.org/10.1177/104225879401800404
6. Byrne, Z. S. (2022). Understanding employee engagement: Theory, research, and practice. Routledge. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/mono/10.4324/9781003171133/understandin g-employee-engagement-zinta-byrne
7. Chen, C. C., Greene, P. G., & Crick, A. (1998). Does entrepreneurial self-efficacy distinguish entrepreneurs from managers? Journal of business venturing, 13(4), 295 316. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0883902697000293
8. Contractor, F., Foss, N. J., Kundu, S., & Lahiri, S. (2019). Viewing global strategy through a microfoundations lens. https://doi.org/10.1002/gsj.1329
9. Global Strategy Journal, 9(1), 3-18. Do Nguyen, Q., & Nguyen, H. T. (2023). Entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial intention: The mediating role of entrepreneurial capacity. The International Journal of Management Education, 21(1), 100730. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S147281172200132X origsite=gscholar&cbl=35934
10. Fayolle, A., & Liñán, F. (2014). The future of research on entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of business research, 67(5), 663-666. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0148296313003949
11. Fayolle, A., Liñán, F., & Moriano, J. A. (2014). Beyond entrepreneurial intentions: Values and motivations in entrepreneurship. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 10(4), 679-689. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11365-014-0306-7
12. Fernandes, C., Ferreira, J. J., Raposo, M., Sanchez, J., & Hernandez–Sanchez, B. (2018). Determinants of entrepreneurial intentions: An international cross-border study. International Journal of Innovation https://doi.org/10.1108/IJIS-02-2017-0017 Science, 10(2), 129-142.
13. Giler, S., Álava, D., & Mora, V. (2025). Sector informal y pobreza 2019-2023: Un análisis socioeconómico desde Ecuador. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10892442 Revista InveCom, 5(1).
14. Hill, S., Ionescu-Somers, A., Coduras Martínez, A., Guerrero, M., Menipaz, E., Boutaleb, F., Zbierowski, P., Schøtt, T., Sahasranamam, S., & Shay, J. (2023). Global Entrepreneurship Monitor 2022/2023 Global Report: Adapting to a" New Normal". Global Entrepreneurship https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/84402 Research Association.
15. Huyler, D., & McGill, C. M. (2019). Book Review: Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches, by CreswellJohn and CreswellJ. David. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publication, Inc.275 pages, $67.00 (Paperback). New Horizons in Adult Education and Human Resource Development, 31(3), 75-77. https://doi.org/10.1002/nha3.20258
16. Kaki, R. S., Mignouna, D. B., Aoudji, A. K. N., & Adéoti, R. (2023). Entrepreneurial Intention among Undergraduate Agricultural Students in the Republic of Benin. Journal of African Business. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/15228916.2022.2031584
17. Kautonen, T., Van Gelderen, M., & Fink, M. (2015). Robustness of the Theory of Planned Behavior in Predicting Entrepreneurial Intentions and Actions. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 39(3), 655-674. https://doi.org/10.1111/etap.12056
18. Kör, B., Wakkee, I., & Mutlutürk, M. (2020). An Investigation of Factors Influencing Entrepreneurial Intention amongst University Students. Journal of Higher Education Theory and Practice, 20(1), 70-86. https://doi.org/10.33423/jhetp.v20i1.2777
19. Krueger Jr, N. F., Reilly, M. D., & Carsrud, A. L. (2000a). Competing models of entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of business venturing, 15(5-6), 411-432. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0883902698000330 Krueger Jr, N. F., Reilly, M. D., & Carsrud, A. L. (2000b). Competing models of entrepreneurial intentions.
20. Laguía, A., Moriano, J., Molero, F., & Gámez, J. (2017b). Validación del Cuestionario de Intención
21. Lasio, V., Caicedo, G., Ordeñana, X., Izquierdo, E., Villa, R., & Coello, R. (2017). Global entrepreneurship monitor (GEM) ecuador 2017. Guayaquil: ESPAE, ESPOL, ISSN No13903047.
22. Liñán, F., & Chen, Y. (2009). Development and Cross–Cultural Application of a Specific Instrument to Measure Entrepreneurial Intentions. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33(3), 593-617. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2009.00318.x
23. Liñán, F., & Fayolle, A. (2015). A systematic literature review on entrepreneurial intentions: Citation, thematic analyses, and research agenda. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 11(4), 907-933. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11365-015-0356-5 Martínez, A., Acurero, M.,
24. Moriano, J. A., Topa, G., Molero, F., Entenza, A. M., & Mangin, J. P. L. (2012). Autoeficacia para el liderazgo emprendedor. Adaptación y validación de la escala CESE en España. Anales de Psicología/Annals of Psychology, 28(1), 171-179. https://revistas.um.es/analesps/article/view/140642
25. Mukherjee, D., Kumar, S., Mukherjee, D., & Goyal, K. (2022). Mapping five decades of international business and management research on India: A bibliometric analysis and future directions. Journal of Business Research, 145, 864-891. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0148296322002399
26. Nambisan, S., Wright, M., & Feldman, M. (2019). The digital transformation of innovation and entrepreneurship: Progress, challenges and key themes. Research policy, 48(8), 103773. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048733319300812
27. Pinto, A., Lopes, J. M., Carvalho, C., Vieira, B., & Lopes, J. (2021). Econometric Modeling to Measure the Social and Economic Factors in the Success of Entrepreneurship. Sustainability, 14(13), Article 13. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14137573
28. Rusu, V. D., Roman, A., & Tudose, M. B. (2022). Determinants of Entrepreneurial Intentions of Youth: The Role of Access to Finance. Engineering Economics, 33(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.ee.33.1.28716
29. Satriadi, S., Ausat, A. M. A., Heryadi, D. Y., Widjaja, W., & Sari, A. R. (2022). Determinants of Entrepreneurial Intention: A Study on Indonesian Students. BISNIS & BIROKRASI: Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi dan Organisasi, 29(3). https://doi.org/10.20476/jbb.v29i3.1323
30. Shahid, S., & Reynaud, E. (2022). Individuals’ sustainability orientation and entrepreneurial intentions: The mediating role of perceived attributes of the green market. Management Decision, 60(7), 1947-1968. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-01-2021 0151
31. Shapero, A., & Sokol, L. (1982). The social dimensions of entrepreneurship. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign’s Academy for Entrepreneurial Leadership Historical Research Reference in https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1497759
32. Entrepreneurship. Shrestha, P. M. (2024). Exploring the Determinants of Entrepreneurial Intention of University Students. Journal of Entrepreneurship & Management Studies, 1(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.3126/jems2.v1i2.67785 Stubbs, W., & Cocklin, C. (2008). Conceptualizing a “Sustainability Business Model”. Organization & Environment, https://doi.org/10.1177/1086026608318042 21(2), 103-127.
33. Tomal, M., & Szromnik, A. (2022). Determinants of entrepreneurial intentions of university students in selected post-communist countries in Europe: Investigating cross-cultural differences. Journal of Business Economics and Management, 23(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.3846/jbem.2021.15546
34. Van Gelderen, M., Kautonen, T., & Fink, M. (2015). From entrepreneurial intentions to actions: Self-control and action-related doubt, fear, and aversion. Journal of Business Venturing, 30(5), 655-673. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0883902615000142
35. Vasquez, J., Ochoa, F., & Carhuas, Y. (2025). El turismo como motor del desarrollo económico en la Amazonía. Una revisión de literatura. Revista ESPACIOS, 46(04). https://www.revistaespacios.com/a25v46n04/a25v46n04p07.pdf Vélez, C. I., Bustamante, M. A., Loor, B. A., & Afcha, S. M. (2020). La educación para el emprendimiento como predictor de una intención emprendedora de estudiantes universitarios. Formación universitaria, https://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?pid=S0718 50062020000200063&script=sci_arttext 13(2), 63-72.
36. Vodă, A. I., & Florea, N. (2019). Impact of Personality Traits and Entrepreneurship Education on Entrepreneurial Intentions of Business and Engineering Students. Sustainability, 11(4), Article 4. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11041192
37. Yousafzi, S., Lindgreen, A., Saeed, S., & Henry, C. (2018). Contextual Embeddedness of Women’s Entrepreneurship. Routledge London. https://api.taylorfrancis.com/content/books/mono/download?identifierName=doi&i dentifierValue=10.4324/9781315574042&type=googlepdf
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Categorías
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2026 Veronica Carrasco Salazar, Mariana Puente Riofri, Tamara Simba Fustillos, Jennyfer Valente Viñan
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
